EUROPE - The EU must ensure non-eurozone countries, such as the UK, are legally protected in the event of further European integration, the finance minister of Germany has said. Chancellor George Osborne and his German counterpart said any changes to EU treaties must "guarantee fairness". Writing in the Financial Times, the pair say non-eurozone nations must not be put at a "systematic disadvantage". It comes a month after Germany's leader Angela Merkel visited the UK.

USA - Researchers have chopped, spliced and manipulated DNA to craft the first extensively modified "designer chromosome," a genetic structure carefully engineered to spur scientific discovery. The work is being hailed as a bioengineering feat and an important step toward producing a complex organism - in this case brewer's yeast - with a custom-made synthetic genome, or genetic blueprint. The research paves the way for producing new medicines and even biofuels from life forms with artificial chromosomes. Artificial chromosomes have been built before, but those were relatively faithful copies of natural chromosomes, the tiny thread-like structures made of tightly packed DNA that serve as the body's blueprints. By contrast, the new chromosome is a product of purposeful tinkering, but the yeast that carry it act like normal yeast.

USA - In a study of more than 1,000 Chinese women, those who ate the most cruciferous vegetables had substantially less inflammation than those who ate the fewest. Cruciferous vegetables include cabbage, broccoli, bok choy, Brussels sprouts, kale and cauliflower, and eating them is often encouraged as a way to lower risk for heart disease and cancer. Based on their findings, the study authors say the health benefits of these vegetables may be at least partly a result of their anti-inflammatory effects. Inflammation is thought to be part of a cycle that promotes heart disease, and heart disease in turn promotes more inflammation.

UK -Why should it be the stuff of headlines that Pope Francis has warned the Mafia that they will go to Hell unless they repent? Isn’t it obvious anyway? It is the word Hell and its associated notion of judgment that has sparked the interest because there is now a culture in the West whereby the Devil, Hell and the Last Judgment are not regarded as mentionable in polite society. Such concepts are viewed as too disturbing: we should instead preach love and an assured entry into Heaven for all.

USA - It's scary to think the Dust Bowl of the 1930s, with its relentless drought and wind that ravaged millions of acres in West Texas, could return. But there are some worrisome signs, according to the Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service.

USA - The United States spends more on its military than any other country in the world. In fact, it spends more than China, Russia, the UK, Japan, France and Saudi Arabia combined. But that doesn’t necessarily translate to “smart” spending. Take the F-35, a $199-million, Lockheed Martin-designed jet that the Pentagon initially commissioned in 2001. It’s a $400 billion project that’s nearly seven years behind schedule and $163 billion over budget. And here’s the kicker: According to a 41-page Government Accountability Office (GAO) report released yesterday, the F-35, which has yet to fly a single official mission, will stay grounded for at least another 13 months because of “problems completing software testing.”

USA - At a hospital in Pittsburgh, surgeons are now allowed to place patients into a state of suspended animation. If a patient arrives with a traumatic injury, and attempts to restart their heart have failed — if they’re on the doorstep of death — they will have their blood replaced with a cold saline solution, which stops almost all cellular activity. At this point, the patient is clinically dead — but if the doctors can fix the injury within a few hours, they can be returned to life from suspended animation by replacing the saline with blood.

SWITZERLAND - UBS AG (UBSN) suspended foreign-exchange traders in the US, Singapore and Switzerland as its investigation into the alleged rigging of currency markets widened, according to a person with knowledge of the matter. They include Onur Sert, an emerging-markets spot trader based in New York, and at least three more worldwide, said the person, who asked not to be identified because of the probe. Sert and Dominik von Arx, a spokesman for UBS in London, both declined to comment on the suspensions. Switzerland’s largest bank opened a review of its currency operations last year after Bloomberg News reported in June that traders in the industry had colluded to rig the WM/Reuters rates, a benchmark used by investors and companies around the world.

USA - WARNING! Read labels before buying foods with the name Phenylalanine. I will go one step further — if you need to bring along a chemistry book to the store in order to understand the ingredients on the labels — DO NOT BUY IT! Aspartame, the artificial sweetener linked to cancer, heart palpitations, seizures, weight gain and other severe medical issues, is now going by the name AminoSweet. The toxic sweetener, Aspartame, has been around over 25 years after it was accidentally discovered by chemist, James Schlatter while working for the drug company GD Searle & Company. It was created as an anti-ulcer pharmaceutical drug, but the chemist discovered it had a sweet taste, so the drug company switched its application to the FDA from a drug to a food.

USA - Bloomberg reports that Citigroup has failed the Fed’s new round of stress tests: Citigroup Inc’s capital plan was among five that failed Federal Reserve stress tests, while Goldman Sachs Group Inc and Bank of America Corp passed only after reducing their requests for buybacks and dividends. Citigroup, as well as US units of Royal Bank of Scotland Group Plc, HSBC Holdings Plc and Banco Santander SA, failed because of qualitative concerns about their processes, the Fed said today in a statement. Zions Bancorporation was rejected as its capital fell below the minimum required. The central bank approved plans for 25 banks. In reality, Citi “flat lined” – went totally bust – in 2008. It was insolvent.

And former FDIC chief Sheila Bair said that the whole bailout thing was really focused on bringing a very dead Citi back from the grave.

CHINA - A new report from the World Health Organization details how 7 million people are dying from air pollution every year and 40 percent of those are dying from China’s pollution. Too often, politicians treat pollution as just some trade off for jobs, but it has a more lethal cost that most people do not appreciate. China is the nightmare scenario of that environmental meltdown as we have previously discussed. At the same time, China has exported its surveillance technology to help nations like Ethiopia suppress dissent and free speech. According to the WHO, air pollution now causes more deaths worldwide than AIDS, diabetes and road injuries combined. Chinese air pollution is now degrading the air of other countries and radically increasing the death toll.

USA - Forty-eight hours after a recent windstorm blew a wall of tumbleweeds into his community on the high plains of Colorado, Robert McClintock and his neighbors were still working to clear away heaps of the spiny plant. "It was crazy. Some piles were more than 10 feet high," said McClintock, 38, as he and other residents in the town of Fountain, 15 miles southeast of Colorado Springs, toiled to rake up and bag stacks of the thorny weed in the subdivision. Prolonged drought, punctuated by bursts of high winds and untimely rain, has created an explosion of tumbleweeds on the rolling plains of southeastern Colorado, portions of New Mexico and the Texas panhandle this year, federal land managers say.

UK - Households face an "increasing risk" of blackouts because of an investigation into whether the energy industry is ripping off consumers, the boss of Britain’s biggest energy firm has claimed. Sam Laidlaw, Centrica chief executive, said it would now have less "enthusiasm" for investing in new power plants needed to keep the lights on, as an "inevitable consequence" of regulator Ofgem's decision to call for a full Competition and Markets Authority probe into alleged profiteering. Ofgem referred the sector to the top watchdog after concluding the firms had raised electricity and gas prices to unjustifiably high levels, leaving millions of consumers out of pocket.

UK - Two people in England have developed tuberculosis (TB) after contact with pet cats in the first ever recorded cases of cat-to-human transmission, officials have said. The two human cases are linked to nine cases of the Mycobacterium bovis infection in cats in Berkshire and Hampshire last year, according to Public Health England (PHE). Veterinarians believe domestic cats could be catching the disease by venturing into badger setts or from rodents that have been in badger setts.

ISRAEL - The Palestinian Authority (PA) Minister of Religious Affairs Mahmoud Al-Habbash and the former Chief Justice of the PA's Religious Court both recently declared that the PA's Islamic belief and political position is that Jews are prohibited from praying at the Western Wall of the Temple Mount. Palestinian Media Watch has documented that the PA denies Israel's history and rights in Jerusalem, but these statements by top religious leaders go even further.