Portuguese premier Pedro Passos Coelho set the tone for the week in an interview on Sunday: "We have to find a response, a much stronger response than so far. If we don't, clearly that could represent the end of the European Union." Senior opposition politicians put severe pressure on French president Nicolas Sarkozy and German chancellor Angela Merkel ahead of their pre-summit talks in Paris on Monday to approve a "grand bargain" or, at least, workable plan that will gain the support of partners such as the US. Timothy Geithner, Treasury secretary, will be in Europe for talks all week.

Sarkozy's main opponent in next spring's presidential election, socialist leader Francois Hollande, accused him of caving into German demands for a new EU treaty on budgets that was bound to fail, exacerbating French weakness in an unbalanced relationship with Berlin and ignoring the need for immediate solutions. Mark Rutte, Dutch premier, said: "It is really important that the markets see that Europe is prepared to help the countries in trouble, so long as those countries commit to very tough reforms and austerity programmes."

Market hopes are that - despite their differences - Merkel and Sarkozy agree on both a short-term solution and longer-term vision that will persuade the ECB not only to cut interest rates by 0.25% to 1% but extend loans of up to three years maturity to struggling banks. The ECB governing council meets hours before the EU summit on Thursday.

The survey found that just 22.5 per cent of all staff professed to be Christians. Yet the combination of those who said they were atheists and those who had no faith came to a total of 23.5 per cent. Some 40 per cent of staff failed to respond to the questionnaire. Other beliefs represented in the workforce included Islam, Hinduism and Judaism.

BBC veteran Roger Bolton, who until recently presented BBC Radio 4's religious current affairs programme, Sunday, said: 'There is an inbuilt but unconscious bias against religion, fuelled by the fact staff are not representative of the public. It is not a conspiracy but it needs a correction.' And Peter Kearney, spokesman for the Roman Catholic Church in Scotland, said the statistics confirmed the belief that the BBC is 'institutionally incapable of reflecting the society it serves since BBC staff are not representative of the audience they broadcast to'.

The independent Christian Broadcasting Council also told the media watchdog Ofcom in a report earlier this month it was 'concerned' that Christians were not fairly represented. The criticisms follow complaints the BBC has cut back its religious broadcasting. Viewers have also claimed the BBC portrays Christians in soap operas or dramas as 'weak' or 'bigoted'. The beliefs of BBC staff have been disclosed for the first time after the Corporation carried out a costly audit earlier this year to comply with the 2010 Equality Act. The census by pollsters Ipsos MORI, was voluntary.

Last summer - as factories geared up to cope with demand for the Christmas period - investigators spent three weeks in the industrial cities of Shenzhen and Dongguan. In some cases, they found that employees:

* worked up to 140 hours overtime a month;

* were paid up to a month late;

* claimed they were expected to work with dangerous tools and machines without training or safety measures;

* had to work in silence and were fined up to 5 pounds for going to the toilet without permission.

Perhaps the most insidious effect of the long hours and poor wages was how it tore families apart, separating mothers and fathers from their children for all but a few days a year. Many workers were too afraid to speak to the investigators from human rights group Students & Scholars Against Corporate Misbehaviour (Sacom). Sacom accuses big global brands of failing to pay the factories enough, with workers suffering because factories undercut one another in an attempt to secure contracts. The report also criticises the industry's own regulator for failing to clamp down on rights abuses.

The researcher spent three weeks in the factory and found workers put in up to 140 hours of overtime every month, nearly four times the 36 hours a month legal limit. Basic pay is 110 pounds a month, but wages were paid a month late, in breach of labour law. During the peak summer season workers could make up to 240 pounds a month, including overtime, but that falls to 140 pounds during low season.

A typical working day during the peak season starts at 8am and does not end until 10pm. Workers routinely put in six-day weeks, but if the factory is busy there are no days off. Workers complained that they were banned from talking to one another on the production line and were fined up to 5 pounds if they went to the toilet without applying for an "off-duty" permit.

Russia has threatened to cut off Nato supply routes to Afghanistan if the alliance doesn't compromise on its missile defence plans. "If Nato doesn't give a serious response, we have to address matters in relations in other areas," Russian news services reported. Russia's cooperation on Afghanistan may be an area for review, the news services reported. Pakistan has already cut the Nato supply route after the Mohmand Agency attack by Nato troops that killed twenty-six Pakistani soldiers.

Lieutenant General (retired) Hameed Gul while talking to The News said that Russia would utilise every option to take revenge from the Americans and time has come for the Russians to do this. He said that Russia wants to join hands with Pakistan and Pakistan should reconsider its policy towards Russia. "Americans and Nato troops have been strangled in Afghanistan and time has come for Pakistan to avail the opportunity that it missed on 9/11 to regain the respect and sovereignty", Gul said.

He mentioned that Americans will have to leave Afghanistan and will ask for concessions and Pakistan should negotiate with them for their exit. If Russia cuts the supply then the route will be from Georgia to Baku and then to Azerbaijan, which means NATO will never get the supply, said Gul. "Now Nato troops will have to exit Vietnam style, and that too by using Pakistan's airspace because Iran will never let USA use its airspace", the retired general said. He mentioned that the war against terror that was started with our own people will come to an end at once and there will be peace in no time once the Americans leave Afghanistan. He said that Indian interests in Afghanistan were growing but India will get nothing from Afghanistan.

Big resorts such as Davos or St Moritz have been able to open a few runs with the help of snow cannons. Others have delayed the start of the season. The franc has risen sharply this year against the euro, the dollar and the British pound, making a skiing holiday in Switzerland far more expensive than in France, Italy or Austria. The BBC's Imogen Foulkes says now the lack of snow has added to the worries of hoteliers, ski instructors, and lift companies.

There was some snow in parts of the Swiss Alps early on Saturday, but observers say this was not enough to kick-start the struggling ski season. Alpine resorts in neighbouring countries are also experiencing shortages of snow. A hotel in Austria's Katschberg mountains has hired 15 chimney sweepers - which are associated with good luck in the country - to pray for snow. "We're confident things will go well now!" hotel manager Wolfgang Hinteregger said.

On a visit to Paris for talks which had been due to last several hours but ended up as a brief working lunch, Mr Cameron vowed to 'further protect and enhance' Britain's interests. But in a move that enraged Eurosceptics, he made clear that the UK's first priority is 'to help solve the crisis in the eurozone' rather than to repatriate powers from Brussels to Britain as they would like.

Mr Cameron, who returned to London last night after his brief meeting with President Sarkozy, is now effectively locked in a stand-off with German Chancellor Angela Merkel. She has demanded a new EU treaty to let the eurozone dictate tax and spending policies to members of the single currency. Crucially, Mrs Merkel believes that the new rules should be agreed by all 27 EU nations. That would give Britain the right to veto the changes and hand the Prime Minister the power to demand concessions in return.

Rather than demand the repatriation of major powers, Britain's tactic will be to call for safeguards for the City of London and demand the right to veto regulations from the 17 eurozone nations if they threaten the single market enjoyed by all 27 countries. Mr Cameron wants to avoid a big treaty change because that could trigger a referendum where powers are passed from Westminster to Brussels. Britain's priority is to act fast, rather than have a protracted process of treaty change.

A senior official said: 'We've been trying to inject a sense of reality. There might need to be some legal changes but let's not get bogged down in some protracted debate about institutions.' Bill Cash, chairman of the European Scrutiny Committee, said: 'At best we are acquiescing or at worst we are capitulating to demands by Germany and France in a way that is no solution to Britain's national interests in relation to the eurozone crisis. They have demanded renegotiation and a referendum is essential.'

They will be policed by the independent Electoral Reform Society under its strict rules. The unprecedented move is being organised by the Vote UK Out Of EU organisation. Chief executive Jon Gaunt said: "In three constituencies voters can tell their party leaders that they have had enough - enough of being promised a referendum by David Cameron and being let down, enough of the 50 million pounds a day we give to the EU, enough of the rules and regulations which blight people's lives and enough of the EU gravy train."

The demand for the British people to be given their first say on our membership of the EU for more than 35 years has been shown clearly by the response to the Daily Express crusade to get Britain out of Europe. Mr Gaunt said: "Following the brave crusade the Daily Express began we are taking it to the next level."

Constituents in Mr Cameron's Oxfordshire seat of Witney, Mr Clegg's of Sheffield Hallam and Mr Miliband's of Doncaster North will see the issues debated in a full-scale campaign including public meetings before casting votes by post, internet or phone. They will vote yes or no to the question: "The UK is currently a member of the European Union. Do you agree the UK should stay in the European Union?" The results will not be binding on ministers but a vote to quit the EU would be acutely embarrassing for all three party leaders who say Britain should stay in.

The stark assessment comes ahead of a gathering of European leaders in Brussels that has been billed as a summit that cannot afford to fail. A crisis that began in Greece almost two years ago, has since ensnared Ireland, Portugal, Spain and Italy, and now threatens France and Germany. Rising bond yields across the continent will only alarm, rather than tempt investors until there's agreement on the future structure of the euro. "Yes, yields are higher but you have existential problems and risk that's hard to quantify," said Mr Balls, brother of Shadow Chancellor Ed Balls MP. "We're very cautious and we're underweight versus our indices."

A series of bail-outs for individual countries, accompanied by promises of austerity, have failed to convince global investors that monetary union can survive its first major hurdle since it was created more than a decade ago. China has, so far, baulked about committing cash to the European Financial Stability Facility and no sovereign wealth fund has stepped forward as a buyer of the bonds of the most indebted members of the euro. Mr Balls said that while it was not too late for European leaders to decide on their future, each carries "enormous execution risk and co-ordination risk. If you don't need to be invested in the eurozone, then go for better global alternatives".

The escalation in the crisis was underlined by last week's move by the world's major central banks, led by the Bank of England, to make dollars cheaper and more available to European banks needing to refinance loans.

Wolfgang Schauble outlined his plans under which states would effectively siphon off a chunk of their debt to a special national fund and pay it off over about 20 years while committing to reforms to keep debt levels on target. Schauble believes his proposal, which has won qualified support from Chancellor Angela Merkel, would boost confidence as states would be sending a signal they were serious about limiting debt levels to 60 percent of gross domestic product.

Investors are desperate for a sign from EU leaders next week that they can find a solution to the more than two year-old debt crisis which is having a knock-on effect on the global economy. Merkel is pushing for binding EU rules on budget discipline. "We need a redemption fund in every single country of the euro zone," Schauble told the Passauer Neue Presse.

"Each of these countries should put into a special fund that part of its debt which exceed 60 percent of its GDP, and should pay that off with tax revenues. Over a period of 20 years, the debt should be reduced to 60 percent," he said. In Germany's case, the fund - covering federal, state and municipal debts - would amount to about 500 billion euros (430 billion pounds) as German debt is around 80 percent of its gross domestic product, said Schauble.

Just eight of the UK's 48 Typhoon fighter pilots have enough training to take part in attacks on Colonel Gaddafi's troops, the influential Commons Public Accounts Committee reveals in a damning report out today. It comes just two days after Typhoons over Libya carried out their first attack. Defence sources said it was "no coincidence" they dropped the two Paveway II bombs on tanks just 48 hours before the MPs' highly-critical report was released.

The report found that the RAF is having to take spares from other aircraft just to keep the required number of Typhoons in the air. The committee said the MoD had warned the problems were likely to continue until 2015 until supplies reach a "steady state". The scathing report found: "The department relies on a small group of key suppliers who have the technical and design capability to build, upgrade and support the Typhoon."

"Problems with the availability of spare parts have meant they're not flying as many hours as the department requires. The department admitted it had not been managed well enough." The problem is the latest in a long line of bungles over the 20.2 billion pounds fleet of Typhoons, which will cost 3.5 billion pounds more than originally planned.

It has backed a wave of national strikes in member states from Britain to Hungary and raised the spectre of co-ordinated days of action across Europe next year. General secretary Bernadette Segol said: "Enough is enough. The future of Europe cannot be based on austerity, insecurity and social regression." The confederation has backed strikes in Ireland, Bulgaria, Hungary, Lithuania and France as well as a Europe-wide day of action by metal workers.

It plans to mount a legal challenge in the European Court of Justice to "demand the right to strike on trans-national issues". With 83 affiliated organisations across Europe, it could wreak economic havoc, dragging the eurozone and Britain with it back into recession. Jonathan Isaby, political director of the TaxPayers' Alliance, said: "The last thing we need here is trade union bosses in Brussels promoting strikes which would make it more difficult for the British economy to return to sustainable growth. British taxpayers will be alarmed that anyone is suggesting Europe-wide industrial action. If transnational strikes are the answer, what on earth was the question?"

Wednesday's walkout by more than two million public sector workers cost the British economy an estimated 500 million pounds. On the same day the Dublin Council of Trade Unions staged a March Against Austerity and there was a Bulgarian rally against reform of labour rights. This was followed by a day of action by Greek unions and on Friday Belgian unions staged an anti-austerity protest. Further walkouts are planned in Hungary and Lithuania this month along with a major demonstration by five French unions.

Nigel Farage, leader of the UK Independence Party, said it was clear that co-ordination of marches, strikes and rallies was already taking place without the need for a legal challenge in Strasbourg. "These people are fighting against an abstraction," he added. "The plain fact is that Europe is bust and they want to make it worse."

Saudi Arabia is already equipped with this EU jet fighter. The Persian Gulf dictatorships are considered the West's most important allies in a possible war with Iran, which western establishment circles envisage for next year. This is why, for years the countries on the Arabian Peninsula were supplied the most modern combat equipment and integrated in joint combat maneuvers. The Emirate Qatar, with which Berlin is intensifying its cooperation, has, since some time, been playing a major role. During the war on Libya, it was not only engaged with combat planes, it also had sent ground troops to support the West's allied rebels. German President, Christian Wulff will soon visit Qatar to intensify Berlin's relations to that dictatorship, which is offering more often to help Europe and the USA - in the meantime, possibly even in Syria.

There can be no doubt that the GCC dictatorships are disposed to support a war against Iran. The al Saud clan, as the "guardian of the Holy Sites of Islam," lays claim to playing a prominent role in the Arab world. Iran, with its great political and economic potentials, could develop into a predominating power at the Persian Gulf. From the beginning, their rivalry has always been wrapped around religion, with the Saudi Sunnites being in confrontation with the Iranian Shiites. The tension between Riyadh and Teheran intensified when, in 1979, Iran developed into a religious state. The founding of the GCC, May 25, 1981, constituted the Saudi effort to prepare itself for the impending conflict.

According to a recent article in the Lebanese press, since Iran's 1979 "Islamic Revolution," a sort of "cold war" has reigned between the two countries, and the Saudi media leave no doubt that a transition to a hot war is not to be ruled out. For example, recently when an alleged Iranian assassination plot was uncovered in the USA, a Riyadh journal wrote, Saudi Arabia has the right "to mobilize against this sort of terrorism." Another al Saud owned journal wrote that it is now clear that Iran "is the true enemy" of the country.

Concerning Saudi-Iranian relations, a commentator of a non-Saudi Arab language daily drew the conclusion that "war can be scented."

In an interview with The Daily Telegraph, Jacques Delors, the former president of the European Commission, claims that errors made when the euro was created had effectively doomed the single currency to the current debt crisis. He also accuses today's leaders of doing "too little, too late," to support the single currency.

The 86-year-old Frenchman's intervention comes the day after France and Germany took another step towards the creation of a full "fiscal union" within the European Union and David Cameron insisted that Britain must remain a major player in Europe. Mr Delors, who led the commission from 1985 to 1995, played a central role in the process that led to the creation of the euro in 1999. In his first British newspaper interview for almost a decade, he says that the debt crisis reflects a threat to Europe's global role and even basic Western democratic values.

Mr Delors claims that the current crisis stems from "a fault in execution" by the political leaders who oversaw the euro in its early days. Leaders chose to turn a blind eye to the fundamental weaknesses and imbalances of member states' economies, he says. "The finance ministers did not want to see anything disagreeable which they would be forced to deal with," he says.

The euro came into existence without strong central powers to stop members running up unsustainable debts, an omission that led to the current crisis. Now that the excessive borrowing of countries such as Greece and Italy has brought the eurozone to the brink of disaster, Mr Delors insists that all European countries must share the blame for the crisis. "Everyone must examine their consciences," he says.

When "Anglo-Saxons" said that a single central bank and currency without a single state would be inherently unstable, "they had a point", he admits.

And if European leaders make a mistake, it will not just be the eurozone countries that face upheaval and devastation. All of Europe, including Britain, will be plunged into a banking crisis which can only lead to financial catastrophe. Already the contagion is spreading across the globe. Credit markets are even tightening in China, which has so far been immune from any jitters. And this week the United States was panicked into leading a huge intervention into international money markets to rescue the tottering global banking system, amidst rumours that a major European bank was on the edge of insolvency.

This is why David Cameron chose not to delay meeting French President Nicolas Sarkozy until their formal encounter next week. The leaders met yesterday, and the Prime Minister has been told by officials that he can leave nothing to chance. Furthermore, I can reveal that Mr Cameron is facing overwhelming behind the scenes pressure from President Obama (who is panicking that a world economic collapse will ruin his re-election chances) and his Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner to throw Britain's weight behind the rescue package being hammered together by France and Germany to pull Europe back from the abyss.

At home, Sir Mervyn King, the Bank of England's governor, is reinforcing this presidential edict. Sir Mervyn has warned that the euro collapse could plunge Britain (and much of the world) into a bigger depression than we suffered in the 1930s. The Bank's governor always chooses his words carefully, which is why his warning carries so much weight. It is nothing short of terrifying, as anyone with even the slightest knowledge of 20th-century history will realise.

The 1930s saw mass unemployment and financial calamity, with stock markets losing 90 per cent of their value. More ominously still, 1930-39 was the decade when mainstream politicians lost control of events, when the Nazis rose to power and the far Right took charge in Europe. By the end of the decade the world was at war, and the Holocaust - the greatest crime in human history - was about to begin in earnest.

"There have been more than 500 tremors in and around the caldera of Katla just in the last month, which suggests the motion of magma. And that certainly suggests an eruption may be imminent," Ford Cochran, National Geographic's volcano exert on Iceland, told the BBC. The volcano is also due a major eruption, having last blown its top in 1918.

A powerful eruption could have serious consequences for both Iceland and the world. In 1783 an eruption on the volcanic system to which Katla belongs to killed one fifth of the Icelandic population and half the island's livestock. It also managed to change the world's climate. "Folks talk about a nuclear winter this eruption generated enough sulphuric acid droplets that it made the atmosphere reflective, cooled the planet for an entire year or more and caused widespread famine in many places around the globe," said Mr Cochran.

An eruption could also trigger significant flooding in Iceland as it would melt the huge glacier that now covers the volcano. But scientists also said that despite its increased activity Katla may remain dormant as predicting an eruption remains an inexact art. Straddling two tectonic plates Iceland lies in one of the world's most active volcanic areas.