In 2006, another red storm system appeared, actually seen to form as smaller whitish oval-shaped storms merged and then developed the curious reddish hue. Now, JUPITER HAS A THIRD RED SPOT, again produced from a smaller whitish storm.

The spots extend above the surrounding clouds and their red color may be due to deeper material dredged up by the storms and exposed to ultraviolet light, but the exact chemical process is still unknown. For scale, the Great Red Spot has almost twice the diameter of planet Earth, making both new spots less than one Earth-diameter across.

The newest red spot is along the same band of clouds as the Great Red Spot and is drifting toward it. If the motion continues, the new spot will encounter the much larger storm system in August. JUPITER'S RECENT OUTBREAK OF RED SPOTS IS LIKELY RELATED TO LARGE SCALE CLIMATE CHANGE AS THE GAS GIANT PLANET IS GETTING WARMER NEAR THE EQUATOR.

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Many schools remained closed in Santiago and elsewhere after floodwaters churned up sediment at water treatment plants, while several rivers burst their banks farther south, deluging thousands of homes. "More than seven rivers have overflowed," said Juan Saldivia, undersecretary of public works. "We had a very complex situation overnight, and Route 5 (Chile's main north-south highway) has been cut in three places."

Landslides caused by the rains also forced the shutdown of the giant El Teniente copper mine, owned by state miner Codelco. Codelco said it could take 48 hours to clear rock, earth and floodwaters blocking access to the mine, which lies 50 miles south of Santiago.

Television footage showed a collapsed railway bridge in the wine-producing region of Maule, about 125 miles south of Santiago, which forced the suspension of rail services to the south. The government said 8,000 homes had been affected and that 316 people were stranded across the country. About 500 people were in shelters while most of around 15,000 forced from their homes were living with friends and family.

Fortune-tellers and astrologists will be bracketed with double-glazing salesman under the new Consumer Protection Regulations. The changes, WHICH IMPLEMENT AN EU DIRECTIVE ON UNFAIR COMMERCIAL PRACTICES, require businesses for the first time to act fairly towards consumers and will outlaw disreputable trading activities. Fortune-tellers will have to tell customers that what they offer is "for entertainment only" and not "experimentally proven". This means that a fortune-teller who sets up a tent at a funfair will have to put up a disclaimer on a board outside.

Similar disclaimers will need to be posted on the websites of faith healers, spiritualists or mediums where appropriate, as well as on invoices and at the top of any printed terms and conditions. Andy Millmore, a partner at the law firm Harbottle & Lewis in London, said: "WHAT IS SIGNIFICANT IS THE SWEEPING NATURE OF THE REGULATIONS. They will effectively criminalise actions that might in the past have escaped legal censure, even if they may perhaps have been covered by industry voluntary codes."

The Spiritualist Workers' Association attacked the changes, saying on its website: "We do not believe we are conducting a scientific experiment. To have to stand up and say so is a denial of our beliefs. IT IS ALSO SENDING OUT A MESSAGE THAT WE DO NOT BELIEVE WHAT WE ARE SAYING AND DOING." Lyn Guest de Swarte, a clairvoyant, said: "IT'S LIKE TRYING TO REGULATE GOD."

CUSTOMERS CAN CHOOSE BETWEEN A GUN OR A $250 (£125) GAS CARD, BUT MOST SO FAR HAVE CHOSEN THE GUN. Owner Mark Muller said: "We're just damn glad to live in a free country where you can have a gun if you want to." The dealership sells new and old vehicles, including General Motors and Ford cars and trucks, and its logo shows a cowboy holding a pistol. It has sold more than 30 cars and trucks in the past three days, an increase which the owners put down to their promotional offer.

He added that the promotion was inspired by recent comments from one of the Democratic nominees for the presidential election, saying: "We did it because of Barack Obama. He said 'all those people in the Midwest, you've got to have compassion for them because they're clinging to their guns and their Bibles.' I found that quite offensive. WE ALL GO TO CHURCH ON SUNDAY AND WE ALL CARRY GUNS."

The website advertisement for the offer, which continues until the end of the month, mentions that an approved background check on gun ownership is required.

MRSA and Clostridium difficile were linked to more than 8,000 deaths in England and Wales in 2006, up from 5,300 the previous year. The first ever breakdown of deaths from both infections by location released by the Office for National Statistics shows that the vast majority of patients died from the bugs in hospital.

In total there were 6,424 deaths from C difficile in all three locations in 2006, almost double the 3,719 deaths caused by the infection in 2005. MRSA was responsible for 1,625 deaths, up from 1,621 the previous year.

Mr Medvedev, 42, who took office this month, will meet President Hu Jintao and other leaders for a two-day visit expected to focus mainly on trade. RUSSIA AND CHINA HAVE BUILT CLOSE TIES OVER RECENT YEARS AND TRADE IS BOOMING. Mr Medvedev arrived after visiting Kazakhstan, which he urged to keep exporting most of its oil through Russian pipelines. "Our foreign policy should be reasonable, pragmatic and at the same time friendly and open," Mr Medvedev told Chinese journalists before his arrival.

"And we absolutely include China among our most important foreign policy partners." Trade between Russia and China has grown rapidly over recent years, with China emerging as Russia's second largest trading partner after the European Union. HE SAYS AN IMPORTANT POLITICAL DIMENSION TO SINO-RUSSIAN CO-OPERATION IS A REJECTION OF AMERICAN DOMINANCE.

Under the previous Russian President, Vladimir Putin, Russia and China moved to cement their ties through the creation of THE SHANGHAI COOPERATION ORGANISATION. They were joined by four of the Central Asian countries. The organisation has evolved into a forum for economic co-operation, intelligence-sharing and counter-terrorism.

THE SHANGHAI COOPERATION ORGANISATION (SCO) is a permanent intergovernmental international organisation creation of which was proclaimed on 15 June 2001 in Shanghai (China) by the REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN, the PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA, the KYRGYZ REPUBLIC, the RUSSIAN FEDERATION, the REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN and the REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN. The SCO member states occupy a territory of around 30 million 189 thousand square kilometers, which makes up three fifths of the Eurasian continent, and have a POPULATION OF 1.5 BILLION, which makes UP A QUARTER OF THE PLANET'S POPULATION.

Roman Catholic Labour MPs, who like the rest of the party will be under a strict three line whip to approve the third reading of the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Bill, are said to be "furious" at Mrs Kelly's stance. MPs of all parties were given free votes on four of the most controversial aspects of the Bill earlier this week, meaning they were able to vote with their conscience.

Mr Brown had been reluctant to offer a free vote on the measures, all of which he argued strongly for, but his hand was forced by the prospect of a rebellion by Mrs Kelly and two other Catholic Cabinet ministers. Sources said that Des Browne, the Defence Secretary, and Paul Murphy, the Welsh Secretary, were under the impression that the Prime Minister had consented to a free vote on the condition that the three back the Bill at the third reading. They are said to be astonished that Mrs Kelly is now unwilling to go through with the deal.

Mrs Kelly is thought unlikely to vote outright against the legislation, which would automatically lead to her resignation from the Cabinet. Insiders say they expect her to obtain a "leave of absence" and abstain from the vote.

Baroness Vadera, a business minister and former adviser to Gordon Brown, made the comment as the price of oil experienced its biggest one-day increase in almost 20 years. The minister said the economy was facing "TESTING TIMES" but insisted that Britain was well-placed to withstand the global turbulence as fuel and food prices rose sharply. World oil prices jumped by $5 a barrel on Thursday ? the single largest rise in a day since the first Gulf war.

Yesterday, speaking in the House of Lords, Lady Vadera said: "WE ARE FACING A TESTING PERIOD IN THE ECONOMY. WE ARE FACING THE FIRST REAL INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC CRISIS OF GLOBALISATION." She said it was an "uncomfortable situation".

However, Alan Duncan, the shadow business secretary and a former oil trader, said that the Government's strategy was misguided. "THE SIGHT OF GORDON BROWN BEGGING OPEC TO RAISE PRODUCTION IS A HUMILIATING SPECTACLE FOR THIS COUNTRY," he said. "He simply doesn't understand oil markets and should know that Opec can't just turn on the taps."

"We are not very happy with this increase in oil prices," said El-Badri during a visit to Ecuador. "Volatility has nothing to do with the fundamentals. It has nothing to do with world demand," he said, stressing that a dropping dollar was driving prices higher. "The price was at 130 dollars and today is at 135, so it's really a crazy market," he said. El-Badri, OPEC's secretary general, is on a week-long working visit to the two OPEC member states in Latin America, Venezuela and Ecuador. Tuesday he met with Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez in Caracas and with Minister of Energy and Petroleum / President of PDVSA, Rafael Ramirez.

In a statement released by the cartel on Wednesday, El-Badri said that OPEC remained committed "to working for the stability of the international oil market, noting that the current high oil prices are not influenced by market fundamentals, as the market is well-supplied. OPEC will continue to monitor global oil markets regularly and is ready to act if and when necessary to ensure market stability and adequate supplies," the statement added.

Crude oil prices rocketed to record highs above 135 dollars on Thursday, driven by growing concerns that energy supplies will fail to meet demand, analysts said. Prices later pulled back to just below 133 dollars owing to profit-taking.

The Third Court of Appeals in Austin ruled that THE STATE OFFERED "LEGALLY AND FACTUALLY INSUFFICIENT" GROUNDS FOR THE "EXTREME" MEASURE OF REMOVING ALL CHILDREN FROM THE RANCH, from babies to teenagers. THE STATE NEVER PROVIDED EVIDENCE THAT THE CHILDREN WERE IN ANY IMMEDIATE DANGER, the only grounds in Texas law for taking children from their parents without court approval, the appeals court said.

THE STATE NEVER PROVIDED EVIDENCE THAT TEENAGE GIRLS WERE BEING SEXUALLY ABUSED, and never alleged any sexual or physical abuse against the other children, the court said. It was not immediately clear whether the children scattered across foster facilities statewide might soon be reunited with parents.

The appeals court also said the state was wrong to consider the entire ranch as an individual household and that any abuse claims could apply only to individual households. Julie Balovich, an attorney representing 38 mothers of the children, said the appeals court "has stood up for the legal rights of these families and given these mothers hope that their families will be brought back together." MEMBERS CONTEND THEY ARE BEING PERSECUTED BY STATE OFFICIALS FOR THEIR RELIGIOUS BELIEFS.

Morris was "cautiously optimistic about the prospects for peace" when the Oslo process started in 1993. "But at the same time I was scouring the just opened archives of the Haganah and the IDF. Studying the roots of the Arab-Israeli conflict - in particular the pronouncements and positions of the Palestinian leadership from the 1920s on - left me chilled.

"THEIR REJECTION OF ANY COMPROMISE, whether a partition of Palestine between its Jewish and Arab inhabitants or the creation of a bi-national state with political parity BETWEEN THE TWO COMMUNITIES, WAS DEEP-SEATED, CONSENSUAL AND CONSISTENT."

"Those currently riding high in the region - figures like Hamas's Ismail Haniyeh and Khaled Meshaal, Hizbullah's Hassan Nasrallah and Iran's Mahmoud Ahmadinejad - are true believers WHO ARE CONVINCED IT IS ALLAH'S COMMAND AND EVERY MUSLIM'S DUTY TO EXTIRPATE THE 'ZIONIST ENTITY' FROM THE SACRED SOIL OF THE MIDDLE EAST." This leaves Israel, Morris concludes, "profoundly insecure."

"THE ARABS WHO BECAME REFUGEES IN 1948 WERE NOT EXPELLED BY ISRAEL BUT LEFT ON THEIR OWN TO FACILITATE THE DESTRUCTION OF ISRAEL," the senior PA journalist wrote, according to Palestinian Media Watch, which monitors the Arabic language PA media. "THIS PLAN TO LEAVE ISRAEL WAS INITIATED BY THE ARAB STATES FIGHTING ISRAEL, who promised the people they would be able to return to their homes in a few days once Israel was defeated."

PMW points out that the Al-Ayyam article's conclusion that Arab states are responsible for the Arab refugee problem undercuts a backbone of ARAB PROPAGANDA CLAIMING THAT ISRAEL EXPELLED HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS OF ARABS IN 1948. "In recent years, PMW has documented an increasing willingness among Palestinians to openly blame the Arab states and not Israel," the report concludes, citing five sources and witnesses' accounts conveyed in the PA media to support the claim

THE EU INDUSTRIAL EMISSIONS DIRECTIVE (IED) aims to tighten existing limits on emissions of oxides of sulphur and nitrogen, and will incorporate six existing environmental directives into one piece of legislation. This would remove the flexibility written into the current regime as set out under the Large Combustion Plants Directive (LCPD), which on its own is already contributing to a future electricity supply crunch in the UK.

The Express reports that many coal-fired power stations could shut down in the UK due to a new EU environmental directive which could cost the industry more than £2.7 billion. This, and the closure of ageing nuclear power plants, WOULD FORCE BRITAIN TO DEPEND MUCH MORE ON GAS IMPORTS FROM UNRELIABLE COUNTRIES LIKE ALGERIA AND RUSSIA.

Ian Fells, the Emeritus Professor of Energy Conversion at Newcastle University, said: "By about 2020 we could be about 23 gigawatts short of power generation, which is about one-third of our total. AS YOU GET TO 2015 OR THEREABOUTS, UNLESS WE REPLACE QUITE A SLICE OF THIS ENERGY, WE COULD HAVE BLACKOUTS. I am alarmed by this. The default position is to build more gas-fired power stations, but in terms of security of supply that is disastrous."

Lord Brittan attacked Lord Blackwell for resorting "to the essentially Bonapartist device of a referendum," while Lord McNally and Lady Upholland, leaders of the Lib Dems and Labour in the Lords respectively, described the amendment as "irrelevant".

The Lords also rejected an amendment put down by Lord Pearson calling for a referendum on the UK's membership of the EU. Lib Dem peers abstained on the vote despite their party's policy being in favour of such a referendum. A Lib Dem spokesman said the party did not want to "give succour" to eurosceptics by voting with the UK Independence Party. He said the Lib Dems wanted a referendum on whether Britain should remain in Europe from a "pro-European stance".

The government is considering the changes as part of its ongoing fight against serious crime and terrorism. Assistant Information Commissioner Jonathan Bamford has warned that the UK could be "SLEEPWALKING INTO A SURVEILLANCE SOCIETY". Others have questioned how such a database could be made secure. "While the public is "sleepwalking" into a surveillance society, the government seems to have its eyes wide open although, unfortunately, to everything except security," said Jamie Cowper, data protection expert at data protection firm PGP Corporation.

"The bottom line is - information of this nature should only be held if - and only if - it can be demonstrated that an appropriate system of checks and balances is in place and the security of the information being stored is of paramount concern," he added.

Public confidence in the governments' ability to look after data has been dented in recent months with high profile failures, including the loss of a CD carrying all the personal details of every child benefit claimant. According to Gus Hosein, a senior fellow at Privacy International, the latest proposals could be even more controversial. "THE IDEA THAT ISPS [Internet Service Providers] NEED TO COLLECT DATA AND SEND IT EN MASSE TO CENTRAL GOVERNMENT IS, WITHOUT DOUBT, ILLEGAL," HE SAID.